Varicose Veins

   (What IS the Varicose System?)

Essentially, the cardiovascular system is made up of the arterial system (the arteries) and the venous system (the veins). The arterial system delivers blood from the heart to the lungs, where it picks up oxygen and drops off certain waste products, such as carbon dioxide. The blood is then sent to the major arteries (via the heart again), arterioles (small arteries), and lastly, the capillaries. At the point of the capillaries, the nutrient- and oxygen-rich blood is fed to the body's cells. With this mission completed, the blood is carried back to the heart via the venous system (comprising the venules (small veins), and the veins to repeat the cycle.

WHAT IS THE VENOUS SYSTEM?

Essentially,the cardiovascular system is made up of the arterial system (the arteries) and the venous system (the veins). The arterial system delivers blood from the heart to the lungs, where it picks up oxygen and drops off certain waste products, such as carbon dioxide. The blood is then sent to the major arteries(via the heart again), arterioles (small arteries), and lastly, the capillaries. At the point of the capillaries, the nutrient- and oxygen-rich blood is fed to the body's cells. With this mission completed, the blood is carried back to the heart via the venous system (comprising the venules (small veins), and the veins to repeat the cycle.

HOW DO NORMAL VEINS WORK?

Looking more closely at the veins, reveals that they have one-way valves that allow blood to travel in only one direction - toward the heart. If the valves are functioning properly, any tendency toward back-flow (away from the heart) immediately pushes the vein's valve leaflets (flaps) closed. The movement of venous blood is passive. Unlike the arterial system which actively pumps blood to all the cells of the body, venous blood returns to the heart primarily due to the contraction of muscles and respiratory (breathing) movement, literally squeezing venous blood back to the heart. One of the most important muscle pumps is the calf muscle pump.

WHAT IS VENOUS INSUFFICIENCY?

As we age,our venous system progressively deteriorates and venous blood flow becomes impaired. Any impairment of venous blood flow towards the heart is often referred to as venous insufficiency. Venous insufficiency can occur in deep veins, superficial veins, or both. It can result from pump failure, obstruction(clot), or incompetent valves within veins. Another significant considerations insufficient nutrients and other bio molecules that nourish and repair venous mechanisms are likely to create further deterioration and dysfunction.

Also, veins tend not to be as hearty as arteries. The weakest veins are the superficial veins which lie near the surface of the skin. This is why the first signs of venous insufficiency are often seen in the superficial veins as varicose veins.

WHY DO WE GET VARICOSE VEINS?

Incompetence of the valves of superficial veins, which manifests as varicose veins, is the most common form of venous disease. When the valves become compromised and no longer perform their usual function, backwards flow of blood through the vein occurs. The blood accumulates and pools, causing the vein to enlarge, stretch and widen. This state can be seen as dark or blue tortuous veins and nodules at the surface of the skin called varicose veins. Similar pathology may be present deeper in the venous system but is not apparent to the eye; and may not be detected until severe enough to cause symptoms. By this time the disease state may be well-advanced.

Valve failure may have different causes, including prolonged pressure; for example, prolonged standing; phlebitis (inflammation of vessels); direct injury; or congenitally weak or abnormal walls. These problems are likely to be exacerbated by nutrient insufficiency which may instigate further dysfunction.The net result is venous insufficiency and unsightly veins, and as more evidence indicates, can lead to serious, even life-threatening conditions such as venous thrombosis (clot).

THE PROBLEMS OF VARICOSE VEINS

As varicose veins develop, so can pain. Feelings of drug-like heaviness, fatigue, burning,throbbing, and itching often ensue. Cramps are common. Edema (swelling) may follow prolonged standing. And it is not always possible to see the outward signs of varicose veins if they are not close to the surface of the skin.

Along this torturous road, there is always the possibility that varicose veins may lead to phlebitis, a serious inflammation of the veins in which the legs become hard and ultra sensitive to touch. Other possible serious problems, such as open ulcers could require medical attention.

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